Simple present tense

단순 현재 시제 용법:

  • 습관, 일반적인 진리, 반복 행위 및 변하지 않는 상황, 감정 및 희망 표현시:
    I smoke (습관); I work in London (변하지 않는 상황); London is a large city (일반적인 진리)
  • 안내 지침 및 방향 설명시:
    You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
  • 현재나 미래의 정해진 약속 표현시:
    Your exam starts at 09.00
  • 다음과 같은 일부 접속사와 함께 미래 시간 표현시: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
    He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
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De tijd van de simple present wordt gebruikt:

  • Om gewoontes, algemene feiten, herhaalde handelingen of onveranderlijke situaties, emoties of wensen uit te drukken:
    I smoke (gewoonte); I work in London (onveranderlijke situatie); London is a large city (algemeen feit)
  • Om instructies of aanwijzingen te geven:
    You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
  • Om vaste afspraken weer te geven, huidige of toekomstige:
    Your exam starts at 09.00
  • Om toekomstige tijd weer te geven, na sommige voegwoorden: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
    He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Let op! De simple present wordt niet gebruikt om handelingen die nu plaatsvinden weer te geven.

Voorbeelden

  • Voor gewoontes
    He drinks tea at breakfast.
    She only eats fish.
    They watch television regularly.
  • Voor herhaalde handelingen of evenementen
    We catch the bus every morning.
    It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
    They drive to Monaco every summer.
  • Voor algemene waarheden
    Water freezes at zero degrees.
    The Earth revolves around the Sun.
    Her mother is Peruvian.
  • Voor instructies of aanwijzingen
    Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
    You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
  • Voor vaste afspraken
    His mother arrives tomorrow.
    Our holiday starts on the 26th March
  • Met toekomstige constructies
    She'll see you before she leaves.
    We'll give it to her when she arrives.

Het vormen van de simple present tense: to think

Bevestigend Vragend Ontkennend
I think Do I think? I do not think
You think Do you think? You do not think
He thinks Does he think? He does not think
She thinks Does she think? She does not think
It thinks Does it think? It does not think
We think Do we think? We do not think.
They think Do they think? They do not think.

Aantekeningen bij de simple present, derde persoon enkelvoud

  • In de derde persoon enkelvoud eindigt het werkwoord altijd op -s:
    he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.
  • Ontkennende en vragende vormen gebruiken DOES (= de derde persoon van het hulpwerkwoord 'DO') + de infinitief van het werkwoord.
    He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla.
  • Werkwoorden eindigend op -y : de derde persoon verandert de -y in-ies:
    fly --> flies, cry --> cries
    Uitzondering: als er een klinker staat voor de -y:
    play --> plays, pray --> prays
  • Voeg -es toe aan werkwoorden eindigend op: -ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
    he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Voorbeelden
  • He goes to school every morning.
  • She understands English.
  • It mixes the sand and the water.
  • He tries very hard.
  • She enjoys playing the piano.
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